We can use them to help guide current to go certain ways, and prevent it from coming back through certain ways. What Does A Diode Do?Īs we have discussed, diodes are kind of like one way streets. When a reverse bias voltage is applied, the shift between the electrons and the holes that is already there gets moved even more, making it hard for electrons to flow through the diode.Ī road block for current is created. That is how your one way street of current is created. When a diode forward voltage is applied, which means a more positive voltage is put on the anode, then the shift between the electrons and the holes move much closer together, allowing a good movement of electrons (current) through the device. What is neat is that the materials are made in such a way that the excess electrons don't easily flow into the absence of electrons because the two are shifted in relation to each other. So why don't the electrons go join the holes and balance everything out in the material? The N-type section has an excess of electrons. The P-type section, having an absence of electrons, acts like "holes", which creates positive charge carriers. When we put an N-type material next to a P-type material, we get neat behaviors. It turns out that we can make types of material that have excess of electrons, N-type, and also an absence of electrons, or P-type. The solid state physics behind the workings of a PN diode is related to the manipulation of electrons.
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